A person who experiences internal inconsistency tends to become psychologically uncomfortable and is motivated to reduce the cognitive dissonance. In When Prophecy Fails: A Social and Psychological Study of a Modern Group That Predicted the Destruction of the World (1956) and A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957), Leon Festinger proposed that human beings strive for internal psychological consistency to function mentally in the real world. The discomfort is triggered by the person's belief clashing with new information perceived, wherein the individual tries to find a way to resolve the contradiction to reduce their discomfort. According to this theory, when two actions or ideas are not psychologically consistent with each other, people do all in their power to change them until they become consistent. Cognitive dissonance is typically experienced as psychological stress when persons participate in an action that goes against one or more of those things. Relevant items of information include a person's actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, values, and things in the environment. In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information and the mental toll of it.
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